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Chemical Properties:
4-Androstenediol (CAS 1156-92-9), also known as (3β,17β)-Androst-4-ene-3,17-diol, is a steroidal compound with the molecular formula C₁₉H₃₀O₂ and a molecular weight of 290.44 g/mol. It is widely recognized for its role in biochemical research and pharmaceutical synthesis. Below is a detailed overview of its primary applications and insights into pricing considerations:
1. Pharmaceutical Synthesis: Intermediate for Steroid Hormones and Contraceptives
4-Androstenediol serves as a critical intermediate in the production of steroid hormones and contraceptive drugs. Its structural properties make it a precursor in synthesizing corticosteroids and sex hormones, which are essential for treating hormonal imbalances, inflammatory conditions, and reproductive health disorders. For example, it is utilized in manufacturing intermediates for drugs targeting adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune diseases.
2. Research on Estrogen-Dependent Cancers**
This compound plays a significant role in studying **aromatase inhibitor resistance** in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Researchers have identified 4-Androstenediol as a metabolite involved in alternative estrogen biosynthesis pathways, particularly when traditional therapies (e.g., aromatase inhibitors) become ineffective. Its interaction with enzymes like **17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1)** provides insights into overcoming drug resistance in cancer treatment.
3. Analytical Chemistry: Reference Standard
4-Androstenediol is used as a **reference standard** in analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Its well-characterized spectral data (e.g., SMILES: `CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)CCC4=CC(CCC34C)O`) ensures accurate identification and quantification in biological samples, supporting metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies.
4. Biochemical Studies on Steroidogenic Pathways
Researchers employ 4-Androstenediol to investigate **steroidogenic enzyme pathways**, including those involving 17β-HSD1 and aromatase. These studies help elucidate hormonal regulation mechanisms and metabolic disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and adrenal hyperplasia.
5. Potential Applications in Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
While not yet mainstream, derivatives of 4-Androstenediol have been explored for **androgen replacement therapies** due to their structural similarity to endogenous hormones. However, such applications remain experimental and require further clinical validation.
Safety and Regulatory Considerations
Handling 4-Androstenediol requires adherence to standard laboratory safety protocols, including protective gloves and ventilation, due to its potential irritant properties. Regulatory frameworks, such as **DEA Schedule III** controls in the U.S., govern its use in pharmaceutical contexts.
Pricing and Availability
4-Androstenediol is available in varying purities (e.g., 95% to 98%) and formats (e.g., powder, standard solutions). Key pricing insights include:
- Standard solutions: A 1.2 mL solution (100 ppm in acetonitrile) is priced at ¥1,348 (approximately $190).
- Research-grade powder: Prices range from ¥272 for 5mg (95% purity) to custom bulk orders.
- Custom synthesis: Suppliers like BIOFOUNT offer tailored packaging and purity options for large-scale research needs.
For competitive pricing, consider comparing suppliers such as **Chemsrc**, **Bio-Fount**, and **Keyingchem**, which provide detailed quotes based on quantity and specifications.
Conclusion
4-Androstenediol (CAS 1156-92-9) is a versatile compound with applications spanning pharmaceuticals, cancer research, and analytical chemistry. Its role as a hormone synthesis intermediate and reference standard underscores its scientific importance. For optimal pricing, researchers should evaluate suppliers based on purity requirements, volume, and intended use.
Note: Prices may vary based on market conditions and supplier policies. Always verify regulatory compliance for your region.